[Home ] [Archive]   [ فارسی ]  
:: Main :: About :: Current Issue :: Archive :: Search :: Submit :: Contact ::
Main Menu
Home::
Journal Information::
Articles archive::
For Authors::
For Reviewers::
Registration::
Contact us::
Site Facilities::
Publication statistics::
::
Search in website

Advanced Search
..
Receive site information
Enter your Email in the following box to receive the site news and information.
..
Publication Information
ju Publisher
Kharazmi University
ju Managing Director 
Nasergholi Sarli
ju Editor-in-Chief
Habib-Allah Abbasi
ju Manager
Zahra Saberi
ju In charge of the Site
Tahereh sadate Mirahmadi

EISSN 24766941
..
Indexing Databases

  AWT IMAGE   AWT IMAGE 
 AWT IMAGE   AWT IMAGE 
  AWT IMAGE 

   

..
Social Networks
   
..
:: Volume 31, Issue 94 (6-2023) ::
Persian Language and Literature 2023, 31(94): 107-134 Back to browse issues page
Space as a Dynamic and Multifaceted Element: A Lefebvrian Analysis of Al-e-Ahmad’s Nefrin-e-Zamin
Ensiyeh Darzinejad * 1, Kosar Darzinejad2
1- Assistant Professor of English Literature, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Iran , ensiyeh.darzinejad@kiau.ac.ir
2- MA Student of Sociology, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract:   (2643 Views)
Nefrin-e-Zamin (The Curse of the Land) is a novel by Jalal Al-e-Ahmad about a teacher who narrates his presence in a nameless village. The novel displays the transition from tradition to modernity. It takes place during land reforms of the then government. The present article is an analysis of the novel from the perspective of Henri Lefebvre. Lefebvre challenges the alleged static features of space and introduces it as vibrant and multi-layered. From this stance, the village is an active and dynamic space redefined in the course of the story. The teachers entry into the village, as a stranger, becomes a means to depict the multifaceted nature of the village. Lefebvre’s three-part dialectic, comprising the teacher’s perceived, conceived, and lived experiences in the village – represented in spatial practice, representations of space, and representational spaces – are investigated in this study. The teacher’s visual, auditory, olfactory, gustatory, and tactile perceptions of the village space are studied in detail. The correspondence or discrepancy of the teacher’s mental conception and his lived social experience in the village are discussed next in this paper. The fragmentation of the homogeneous space of the village and its hierarchization to exercise the power of the ruling class of the village are also investigated. Finally, the paper looks into the right of the villagers and strangers to the city and its two subcategories – the right to participate and the right to occupy. The teacher, the steward, and the painter from Shurab are the strangers in the village whose right to the city is important. From Lefebvre’s viewpoint, the village is not a neutral and passive space; rather a dynamic and multifaceted space that has significance and undergoes change and reinterpretations.
Keywords: Nefrin-e-Zamin, Henri Lefebvre, Three-Part Dialectic, Homogeneity, Fragmentation, Hierarchy, The Right to the City.
Full-Text [PDF 6364 kb]   (1146 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research | Subject: Special
References
1. آرمان، عليرضا (1400). واكاوي نگاشت مركزي استعاره¬هاي مفهومي و طرحواره¬هاي تصويري واژه‌هاي «آب» و «آتش» در ضرب‌المثل¬هاي برآمده از ادب فارسي. زبان و ادبيات فارسي دانشگاه خوارزمي. دورة بيست‌ونهم. شمارة 90: 7-24.
2. آل¬احمد، جلال (1384). نفرين زمين. تهران: معين.
3. بني‌طالبي، امين؛ ميرزاييان، پريوش (1399). تصوير شخصيت اصلي در داستان‌هاي کوتاه هوشنگ گلشيري بعد از انقلاب اسلامي. زبان و ادبيات فارسي دانشگاه خوارزمي. دورة بيست‌وهشتم. شمارة 29: 53-78.
4. بهرامي‌کميل، نظام (1392). چالش سنّت و نوسازي در ديدگاه جلال آل‌احمد. علوم اجتماعي. دورة بيستم. شمارة 61: 183-210.
5. بهزادي اندوهجردي، حسين؛ شادمحمدي، مريم (1390). سازوكارهاي طنزآفريني در داستان‌هاي كوتاه جلال آل‌احمد. تحقيقات تعليمي و غنايي زبان و ادب فارسي. شمارة 10: 173-202.
6. ترکمه، آيدين (1395). درآمدي بر توليد فضاي هانري لوفور. تهران: تيسا.
7. حيدري، مهدي؛ قرايي، شهلا (1398). تحليل و بررسي نقش رئاليسم در جامعة ادبي ايران و فرانسه با مطالعة تطبيقي رمان‌هاي دهقانان اثر بالزاک و نفرين زمين اثر جلال آل¬احمد. پژوهش¬هاي زبان و ترجمة فرانسه. دورة دوم. شمارة 2 (پياپي 3): 19-1.
8. رفيعيان، مجتبي؛ الوندي¬پور، نينا (1396). «مفهوم‌پردازي انديشة حق به شهر؛ در جست‌وجوي مدلي مفهومي». جامعه¬شناسي ايران. دورة شانزدهم. شمارة 2: 25-47.
9. رنجبر، ابراهيم (1391). رسالت روشن¬فکري و نزاع سنّت و تجدد در رمان نفرين زمين. زبان و ادب فارسي (نشرية سابق دانشکدة ادبيات دانشگاه تبريز). شمارة مسلسل 226: 1-21.
10. رنجبر، ابراهيم؛ محرمي، رامين (1391). تمثيل و مضمون دو مؤلفة سبک رمان نفرين زمين. ادبيات داستاني. سال اول. شمارة 1: 95-112.
11. رنجبر، ابراهيم (1392). بررسي و تحليل رمان نفرين زمين براساس الگوهاي تبيين در علوم اجتماعي ليتل. جستارهاي ادبي نوين. شمارة 180: 85-104.
12. شاملوجاني‌بيگ، اکبر (1391). بررسي بازتاب جلوه¬هاي فرهنگ عامه (فولكلور) در داستان‌هاي جلال آل‌احمد. مطالعات داستاني. سال اول. شمارة 2: 34-47.
13. طايفي، شيرزاد؛ باقري، عليرضا (1394). مقايسة روستايي‌نويسي جلال آل‌احمد و سيمين دانشور با تأكيد بر داستان‌هاي نفرين زمين و تيلة شكسته. نامة نقد. مجموعه مقالات سومين همايش ملي نظريه و نقد ادبي در ايران. دورة سوم: 75-99.
14. عليزاده، ناصر؛ افضلي، بهرام (1394). غرب¬ستيزي در آثار داستاني هدايت، آل¬احمد و ساعدي. ادب فارسي دانشگاه تهران. سال پنجم. شمارة 2 (شمارة پياپي16): 37-19.
15. قزلسفلي، محمدتقي؛ نوريان دهكردي، نگين (1389). نقد بومي¬گرايي در انديشة جلال آل‌احمد. تحقيقات سياسي و بين‌المللي. شمارة 4: 151-182.
16. کريمي، کيومرث و همکاران(1391). بررسي حضور نويسنده در داستان¬هاي جلال آل‌احمد. متن‌پژوهي ادبي. شمارة 53: 7-34.
17. ميرزايي پرکلي، جعفر؛ بيرانوند، ايمان (1398) هويت¬باختگي در نفرين زمين اثر جلال آل‌احمد و گتسبي بزرگ اثر اسکات فيتزجرالد. ايران‌نامگ. سال چهارم. شمارة 2: 91-111.
18. ياحقي، رمضان؛ عزيزي، مجيد (1390) تأثير وقايع تاريخي در سه اثر داستاني جلال آل‌احمد. پژوهش زبان و ادبيات فارسي. شمارة 21:163-179.
19. Butler, Chris (2012). Henri Lefebvre: Spatial Politics, Everyday Life and the Right to the City. New York: Routledge. [DOI:10.4324/9780203880760]
20. Granzow, Michael and Rob Shields (2020). Urban agriculture food as production of space. The Routledge Handbook of Henri Lefebvre, The City and Urban Society. Edited by Michael E. Leary-Owhin and John P. McCarthy. New York: Routledge, 287- 297. [DOI:10.4324/9781315266589-30]
21. Hesketh, Chris (2020). The urban revolution(s) in Latin America: Reinventing utopia. The Routledge Handbook of Henri Lefebvre, The City and Urban Society. Edited by Michael E. Leary-Owhin and John P. McCarthy. New York: Routledge, 50- 58. [DOI:10.4324/9781315266589-5]
22. Leary-Owhin, Michael E. and John P. McCarthy (2020). Introduction: 'Urban' ideas for two centuries. The Routledge Handbook of Henri Lefebvre, The City and Urban Society. Edited by Michael E. Leary-Owhin and John P. McCarthy. New York: Routledge, 1-19. [DOI:10.4324/9781315266589-1]
23. Lefebvre, Henry (2009). Space and Mode of Production. State, Space, World: Selected Essays. Edited by Neil Brenner and Stuart Elden, Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
24. Lefebvre, Henry (1991). The Production of Space. Blackwell: Cambridge.
25. Lefebvre, Henry (2000). Writing on Cities. Translated and Edited by Eleonore Kofman and Elizabeth Lebas. Malden: Blackwell.
26. Merrifield, Andy (2006). Henry Lefebvre: A Critical Introduction. New York: Routledge.
27. Merrifield, Andy (1993). Place and Space: A Lefebvrian Reconciliation. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers. vol. 18, no. 4. 516-531. [DOI:10.2307/622564]
28. Purcell, Mark (2002). Excavating Lefebvre: The right to the city and its urban politics of the inhabitant. GeoJournal, vol. 58, no. 2/3. 99-108. [DOI:10.1023/B:GEJO.0000010829.62237.8f]
29. Āl-e-Ahmad, Jalāl (2005). The Curse of the Land (Nefrin-e Zamin). Tehrān: Moeen. [In Persian]
30. Alizādeh, Nāser; Afzali, Bahrām (2015). Anti-Westernism in the Fiction of Hedāyat, Āl-e-Ahmad, and Sādeghi. Persian Literature Tehran University. vol. 5, no, 2. Pp. 19-37. [In Persian]
31. Ārmān, Ali Rezā et. al (2021). Analysis of the Central Mapping of Conceptual Metaphors and Pictorial Schemas of the Words 'Water' and 'Fire' in Proverbs Derived from Persian Literature. Persian Language and Literature of Khārazmi University, vol. 29, no. 90. Pp. 7- 24. [In Persian] [DOI:10.52547/jpll.29.90.7]
32. Bahrāmi Komeil, Nezām (2013). The Challenges between Tradition and Modernity from the Viewpoint of Jalāl Āl-e-Ahmad. Social Sciences. vol. 20, no. 61. Pp. 183-210. [In Persian]
33. Bani-Tālebi, Amin; Mirzāiān, Parivash (2020). The Image of the Main Character in the Short Stories of Houshang Golshiri after the Islamic Revolution. Persian Language and Literature of Kharazmi University, vol. 28, no. 89. Pp. 53-78. [In Persian] [DOI:10.52547/jpll.28.89.53]
34. Behzādi Andouhjerdi, Hossein; Shādmohammadi, Maryam (2011). Epigramatic Mechanisms in Short Stories Written by Jalāl Āl-e-Ahmad. Pedagogic and Lyric in Persian Language and Literature Studies, no. 10. Pp. 173-200. [In Persian]
35. Ghezelsoflā, Mohammad Taghi; Nouriān Dehkordi, Negin (2010). The Critique of Nativism in Ale Ahmad Thought. International And Political research. no. 4. Pp. 151-182. [In Persian]
36. Heydari, Mahdi; Gharāyi, Shahlā (2019). Investinting the Effect of Realism in Iranian and French Literature a Comparative study of the Peasant by Balzac and the Curse of the Earth by Jalāl Āl Ahmad. French Language and Translation Research, vol. 2, no. 2. Pp. 1-19. [In Persian]
37. Karimi, Kiumars, et al (2012). Studying the Authorial Presence in the Stories of Jalāl Āl-e-Ahmad. Literary Text Research, no. 53. Pp. 7-34. [In Persian]
38. Mirzāyi Porkoli, Jafar; Beyrānvand, Imān (2019). Loss of Identity in Jalāl Āl-Ahmad's The Cursing of the Land and Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby. Irān Nāmag, vol. 4, no. 2. pp. 91-111. [In Persian]
39. Rafieiān Mojtabā, Alvandipour, Ninā (2017). Conceptualization of the Idea of the Right to the City; In search of a Conceptual Model. Iranian Sociological Association, vol. 16, no. 2. Pp. 25-47. [In Persian]
40. Ranjbar, Ebrāhim (2013). Survey and Analysis of the novel The Curse of the Land Based on the Patterns of Explanation in Little's Social Sciences. New Literary Studies, no. 104. Pp. 85-180. [In Persian]
41. Ranjbar, Ebrāhim (2012). The Duty of Intellectuals and Dispute between Traditional and Modernity in the Novel Nefrin- e Zamin (the curse of land). Journal of Persian Language & Literature (Former Journal of the Faculty of Literature, University of Tabriz). No. 226. Pp 1-21. [In Persian]
42. Ranjbar, Ebrāhim; Moharrami, Rāmin (2011). Allegory and Theme Two Stylistic Features in The Curse of the Land. Research in Narrative Literature, vol. 1, no. 1. Pp 95-112. [In Persian]
43. Shāmlou Jāni Beyg, Akbar (2012). A Survey on the Effects of Popular Culture (Folklore) in Ale Ahamd's Stories. Fiction Studies, vol. 1, no. 2. Pp. 34-47. [In Persian]
44. Tāyefi, Shirzād; Bāgheri, Ali Rezā (2015). The Comparison of Rural Writings of Jalāl Āl-e-Ahmad and Simin Dāneshvar with the Emphasis on The Curse of the Land and "the Broken Marble. The Critical Letter, The Collection of Articles in the Third National Confrence of Literary Theory and Criticism in Iran, vol. 3. Pp. 75-99. [In Persian]
45. Torkameh, Āidin (2016). An Introduction to Henry Lefebvre's Production of Space. Tehrān: Tisā. [In Persian]
46. Yāhaghi, Ramzān; Azizi, Majid (2011). The Trace of Historical Events in Three Fictions of Jalal Al-e Ahmad's. Research in Persian Language and Literature, no. 21. Pp. 163-179. [In Persian]
Send email to the article author

Add your comments about this article
Your username or Email:

CAPTCHA



XML   Persian Abstract   Print


Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:

Darzinejad E, Darzinejad K. Space as a Dynamic and Multifaceted Element: A Lefebvrian Analysis of Al-e-Ahmad’s Nefrin-e-Zamin. Persian Language and Literature 2023; 31 (94) :107-134
URL: http://jpll.khu.ac.ir/article-1-4189-en.html


Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Volume 31, Issue 94 (6-2023) Back to browse issues page
دوفصلنامه  زبان و ادبیات فارسی دانشگاه خوارزمی Half-Yearly Persian Language and Literature
Persian site map - English site map - Created in 0.1 seconds with 44 queries by YEKTAWEB 4666